John William Henderson
b. April 30th, 1910 in Somerville (Tennessee)
d. December 13th, 2006 in Springfield (Missouri)
CHICAGO SLIDE GUITAR LEGEND
Official
June 1952 - August 1953 / 1962 - August 1964
Fils de Cordellia Henderson et Plez Williams Rivers, sa date de naissance et son véritable nom restent encore aujourd'hui sujets à caution. Il fréquente, d'abord, les musiciens de Brownsville comme "Sleepy" John Estes et Yank Rachell mais aussi Sonny Boy Williamson et son cousin Elmore James. Homesick devient un superbe joueur de guitare slide et s'installe à Chicago en 1932. Il joue notamment aux côtés du pianiste Jimmy Walker et semble avoir même participé à quelques séances d'enregistrement qui restèrent inédites. Finalement, il devra attendre juin 1952 pour voir ses premiers morceaux enregistrés et édités, grâce au label Chance. Une première oeuvre extrêmement intense, gorgée de feeling, où brillent sa voix et sa guitare : "Lonesome old train", "Farmer's blues", "Whiskey headed woman", "Williamson's boogie", "Homesick blues", "Dirty rat", "Lonesome blues". Lors de ces séances pour Chance, il est parfois accompagné de Lazy Bill Lucas, Snooky Pryor ou Johnny Shines. Hormis deux simples, il faudra attendre un microsillon japonais en 1977 ("Chance vintage blues / R&B crops vol.2") et le CD Official en 1998 pour voir cette oeuvre fondamentale complètement rééditée. Après sa période Chance, il joue plusieurs années dans le groupe d'Elmore James enregistrant fréquemment avec lui. En parallèle, Homesick enregistre sporadiquement pour de petits labels comme Colt ("Can't afford to do it" avec Hound Dog Taylor), USA (sa belle reprise de "Crossroads") et Spivey.
The son of Cordellia Henderson and Plez Williams Rivers, his date of birth and real name remain open to question to this day. He initially associated with Brownsville musicians such as "Sleepy" John Estes and Yank Rachell as well as Sonny Boy Williamson and Elmore James. Homesick became a superb slide guitar player and settled in Chicago in 1932. He notably played alongside pianist Jimmy Walker and appears to have even taken part in a few recording sessions that remained unreleased. Ultimately, he had to wait until june 1952 to see his first tracks recorded and released, thanks to the Chance label. It was an incredibly intense body of work, steeped in feeling, showcasing his vocal and guitar skills : "Lonesome old train", "Farmer's blues", "Whiskey headed woman", "Williamson's boogie", "Homesick blues", "Dirty rat", "Lonesome blues". During these sessions for Chance, he was sometimes accompanied by Lazy Bill Lucas, Snooky Pryor or Johnny Shines. Aside from two singles, it took until a 1977 japanese LP ("Chance vintage blues / R&B crops vol.2") and a 1998 CD on the Official label for this seminal first work to be fully reissued. After his time with Chance, he played for several years in Elmore James's band, frequently recording with him. At the same time, Homesick recorded sporadically for small labels such as Colt ("Can't afford to do it" with Hound Dog Taylor), USA (his fine cover of "Crossroads") and Spivey.
BLUES ON THE SOUTHSIDE
Prestige
OBC
January 1964
Dans les premiers jours de l'année 1964, Homesick James grave son premier album complet sous la supervision de Sam Charters. Pour l'occasion, il est entouré de Lafayette Leake (piano), Lee Jackson (basse) et Clifton James (batterie). Son chant passionné et sa slide guitare subtile et inspirée y font merveille. Un superbe moment de Chicago Blues avec de magnifiques morceaux comme "She may be your woman", "Goin' down swingin'", "Gotta move", "Lonesome road", "Stones in my passway".
In the first days of 1964, Homesick James recorded his first full-length album under the supervision of Sam Charters. He was joined for this session by Lafayette Leake (piano), Lee Jackson (bass) and Clifton James (drums). His impassioned vocals and subtle, inspired slide guitar work shine throughout. It is a superb example of Chicago Blues featuring magnificent tracks such as "She may be your woman", "Goin' down swingin'", "Gotta move", "Lonesome road", "Stones in my passway".
WINDY CITY BLUES
Stax
January 1964
On trouve dans cette anthologie trois prises alternatives issues de la séance de "Blues on the southside" supervisée par Sam Charters.
This anthology includes three alternate takes from the "Blues on the southside" session supervised by Sam Charters.
CHICAGO BLUES
Spivey
March 1964
Homesick James enregistra une poignée de titres pour le label de Victoria Spivey. Dans cette anthologie, on trouve deux titres sympathiques : "Can't hold out" et "Queen's rock".
Homesick James recorded a handful of tracks for Victoria Spivey's label. This anthology includes two nice tracks : "Can't hold out" and "Queen's rock".
ENCORE FOR THE CHICAGO BLUES
Spivey
March 1964
On trouve, dans cette anthologie, une belle version de "Somebody's been talkin'".
This anthology features a fine version of "Somebody's been talkin'".
SPIVEY'S BLUES CAVALCADE
Spivey
March 1964
On trouve ici un autre morceau issu de la séance organisée par Victoria Spivey : "I got to move".
Here is another track from the session organized by Victoria Spivey : "I got to move".
BLUES SOUTHSIDE CHICAGO
Decca
Flyright
August 1964
Deux excellents titres issus d'une séance produite par Willie Dixon dans laquelle Homesick est parfaitement soutenu par des sidemen de choix : "Crutch and cane" et "Got to move".
Two excellent tracks from a session produced by Willie Dixon in which Homesick is perfectly backed by top-notch sidemen : "Crutch and cane" and "Got to move".
CHICAGO ANTHOLOGY
Sunnyland
August 1964
Trois autres titres capturés par Willie Dixon avec, en particulier, "Little and low" avec l'harmoniciste Walter Horton, et une superbe version de "Look on yonder's wall".
Three other tracks captured by Willie Dixon, notably "Little and low" featuring harmonica player Walter Horton, and a superb version of "Look on yonder's wall".
CHICAGO THE BLUES TODAY vol.2
Vanguard
Late 1965
Après avoir produit son merveilleux disque "Blues on the southside", Sam Charters propose à Homesick James de figurer sur son anthologie documentant le Chicago Blues. Il y délivre quatre morceaux remarquables, ornés de sa délicate guitare slide : "Dust my broom", "Somebody been talkin'", "Set a date", "So mean to me". Derrière lui, on trouve Willie Dixon et Frank Kirkland.
After producing his wonderful album "Blues on the southside", Sam Charters asked Homesick James to appear on his anthology documenting the Chicago Blues. He delivers four remarkable pieces, adorned with his delicate slide guitar : "Dust my broom", "Somebody been talkin'", "Set a date", "So mean to me". Behind him, we find Willie Dixon and Frank Kirkland.
CHICAGO BLUES FESTIVAL '70
Black & Blue
December 1970
Homesick James participa à la tournée française du Chicago Blues Festival aux côtés de Roosevelt Sykes et d'Eddie Taylor. Organisée par Jean Marie Monestier, elle était constituée de plusieurs concerts en France et d'une séance studio. En bonne forme, il délivre de belles versions de "Shake your moneymaker", "I've got to move", "Can't do it", "I believe my baby's gone". On trouve six morceaux dans le LP original et deux titres inédits ont été ajoutés dans la réédition CD (en particulier l'excellent "Go away").
Homesick James took part in the Chicago Blues Festival french tour alongside Roosevelt Sykes and Eddie Taylor. Organized by Jean Marie Monestier, it consisted of several concerts in France and a studio session. In fine form, he delivers excellent versions of "Shake your moneymaker", "I've got to move", "Can't do it", "I believe my baby's gone". The original LP contains six tracks and two previously unreleased songs have been added to the CD reissue (notably the excellent "Go away").
THE COUNTRY BLUES
Blues on Blues
July 1971
Cet album fut produit par Al Smith pour son label Blues on Blues. Homesick James s'y montre en grande forme au chant et à la guitare slide. Il pourrait être accompagné des frères Louis & Dave Myers et de Willie Williams selon certaines sources. Quoi qu'il en soit, il s'agit d'un pur joyau de puissance brute et de feeling terrien, rempli de morceaux accrocheurs comme "Set a date", "Alligator man", "Been around a long time", "All alone", "Telephone", "Unlucky blues". Cet album admirable n'a jamais été réédité en CD.
This album was produced by Al Smith for his Blues on Blues label. Homesick James is in fine form on vocals and slide guitar. According to some sources, he may have been accompanied by brothers Louis & Dave Myers and Willie Williams. However that may be, it is a pure gem of raw power and down-home feeling, packed with catchy tracks such as "Set a date", "Alligator man", "Been around a long time", "All alone", "Telephone", "Unlucky blues". This remarkable album has never been reissued on CD.
MEAT & GRAVY FROM CADILLAC BABY
Red Lightnin'
December 1971
On retrouve dans cette anthologie, trois excellents titres gravés pour le producteur Cadillac Baby (alias Narvel Eatmon) : "My baby's gone", "My kind of woman" et "Homesick Sunnyland special".
This anthology includes three excellent tracks recorded for producer Cadillac Baby (alias Narvel Eatmon) : "My baby's gone", "My kind of woman" and "Homesick Sunnyland special".
AIN'T SICK NO MORE
Bluesway
ABC
January 1973
Homesick James retrouve le producteur Al Smith pour la seconde fois avec cet album. Cette fois ci, il est gravé sur un autre label de Smith, Bluesway. Homesick brille au chant et à la guitare, superbement entouré par des sidemen de premier ordre : Snooky Pryor, Eddie Taylor, Dave Myers, Willie "Big Eyes" Smith. On apprécie cette tracklist intense, pleine de superbes titres : "Twelve years old boy", "Buddy Brown", "Little girl", "My baby's gone", "Sugar mama", "Woman I love". Cet album n'a jamais été réédité en CD.
With this album, Homesick James reunites with producer Al Smith for the second time. This time around, it was released on another of Smith's labels, Bluesway. Homesick shines on vocals and guitar, superbly backed by top-notch sidemen : Snooky Pryor, Eddie Taylor, Dave Myers, Willie "Big Eyes" Smith. We appreciate this intense tracklist featuring great songs : "Twelve years old boy", "Buddy Brown", "Little girl", "My baby's gone", "Sugar mama", "Woman I love". This album has never been reissued on CD.
AMERICAN BLUES LEGENDS '73
Polydor
Big Bear
THE BIG BEAR SESSIONS
Castle
February 1973
Homesick James et son ami Snooky Pryor figurèrent à l'affiche de la tournée européenne de l'American Blues Legends de 1973, organisée par le britannique Jim Simpson. Les deux hommes délivrent ici de superbes versions de "Tin Pan alley" et "Dust my broom".
Homesick James and his friend Snooky Pryor were featured on the 1973 American Blues Legends european tour, organized by the british promoter Jim Simpson. Here, the two men deliver superb versions of "Tin Pan alley" and "Dust my broom".
HOMESICK JAMES & SNOOKY PRYOR
Caroline
Indigo
THE BIG BEAR SESSIONS
Castle
February - March 1973
A la suite de l'American Blues Legends, Jim Simpson enregistra substantiellement Snooky Pryor avec et sans Homesick James. Dans ce magnifique disque, les deux hommes sont associés et s'entendent à merveille. La production de Simpson est chaleureuse et équilibrée. Les deux compères sont accompagnés par le Brunning-Hall Blues Band (Bob Hall, Bob Brunning, John Hunt) de manière fort efficace. On trouve de nombreux sommets comme "Crossroads", "Nothing but trouble", "Crosstown", "Careless love", "After you there won't be anybody else". Un disque abouti, puissant, efficace et excitant qui est intégralement repris dans l'indispensable double CD "The Big Bear sessions".
Following the American Blues Legends tour, Jim Simpson recorded substantially Snooky Pryor with and without Homesick James. In this wonderful disc, the two men are associated and get along together wonderfully. Simpson production is warm and well-balanced. The two friends are accompanied by the very effective Brunning-Hall Blues Band (Bob Hall, Bob Brunning, John Hunt). There are many peaks such as "Crossroads", "Nothing but trouble", "Crosstown", "Careless love", "After you there won't be anybody else". A successful, powerful, efficient and exciting LP which is fully compiled in the essential double CD "The Big Bear sessions".
CHICAGO BLUES AT HOME
Advent
Testament
March 1973
Un intéressant titre acoustique - capturé par Jim O'Neal - dans lequel Homesick est accompagné d'un conga (joué par Lou Ella Smith).
An interesting acoustic track - captured by Jim O'Neal - in which Homesick is accompanied by a conga (played by Lou Ella Smith).
ANN ARBOR BLUES & JAZZ FESTIVAL '73
P-Vine
September 1973
SHAKE YOUR MONEYMAKER
Krazy Kat
October 1973
GOIN' BACK HOME
Trix
32 Blues
May 1974 / June 1975
Ces séances acoustiques furent enregistrées et assemblées par Peter Lowry, entre Chicago et Somerville, en 1974-75. Homesick se montre magnifiquement inspiré à la guitare et propose des blues profonds, pleins de ferveur, comme "Homecoming blues", "My gal blues", "1000 women blues", "Lonesome train", "Highway 59", "Texas dust". Lors de ces séances, Homesick est parfois supplée par une seconde guitare ou un conga. Lowry a publié les bandes sur son propre label Trix. Elles furent rééditées en CD sur 32 Blues.
These acoustic sessions were recorded and compiled by Peter Lowry, between Chicago and Somerville, in 1974–75. Homesick displays magnificent guitar inspiration and delivers deeply soulful, impassioned blues tracks such as "Homecoming blues", "My gal blues", "1000 women blues", "Lonesome train", "Highway 59", "Texas dust". During these sessions, Homesick is occasionally accompanied by a second guitar or conga. Lowry released the tapes on his own label, Trix. They were reissued on CD by 32 Blues.
AMERICAN BLUES LEGENDS '75
Big Bear
May 1975
Désormais habitué des tournées européennes, Homesick James figure, une fois encore, à l'affiche de la tournée de l'American Blues Legends en 1975. Il délivre dans cet album deux bons titres : "If I could live my life all over again" et "Baby please set a date".
By now a veteran of european tours, Homesick James, once again, appeared on the bill for the 1975 American Blues Legends tour. On this album, he delivers two good tracks : "If I could live my life all over again" and "Baby please set a date".
HOME SWEET HOMESICK JAMES
Big Bear
THE BIG BEAR SESSIONS
Big Bear
March 1973 / May - October 1975
Le producteur Jim Simpson rassembla dans ce disque des titres provenant des deux tournées de l'American Blues Legends de 1973 et 1975 auxquelles Homesick James participa (deux titres de 1973 et six titres de 1975). Il ajouta également une formidable séance acoustique capturée sur le sol anglais. Celle-ci est constituée de quatre morceaux inoubliables : "Highway 51", "Lonesome train", "Homesick's original dust my broom" et "Kissing in the dark". Les titres live méritent assurément l'écoute mais s'avèrent plus inégaux (Homesick n'est pas toujours en voix). La tracklist a intégralement été rééditée dans le double CD "The Big Bear sessions".
For this album, producer Jim Simpson compiled tracks from the 1973 and 1975 American Blues Legends tours in which Homesick James participated (two tracks from 1973 and six from 1975). He also included a superb acoustic session captured on british ground, consisting of four unforgettable songs : "Highway 51", "Lonesome train", "Homesick's original dust my broom" and "Kissing in the dark". While the live tracks are certainly worth hearing, they are somewhat more uneven (Homesick is not always in top vocal form). The entire tracklist has been reissued on the double CD "The Big Bear sessions".
SHAKE YOUR MONEYMAKER
Wolf
1975 / 1979 / early 1980's
Ce disque édité en 2017 rassemble des bandes live enregistrées en Autriche en 1979 et au début des années 80. Il est parfois accompagné de son compère Snooky Pryor à l'harmonica. Un programme sympathique doté d'une qualité sonore satisfaisante. On trouve également une séance acoustique de 1975 gravée à Chicago.
Released in 2017, this album compiles live recordings made in Austria in 1979 and the early 1980's. He is sometimes joined by his longtime associate Snooky Pryor on harmonica. It is a nice program with satisfactory sound quality. Also included is an acoustic session recorded in Chicago in 1975.
CHICAGO BLUES SESSION vol.2
Wolf
1977
CHICAGO BLUES LIVE vol.1
Wolf
October 1978
Trois titres live intéressants enregistrés avec le pianiste Detroit Junior sur le sol autrichien. Notons que la réédition CD ne reprend que deux titres.
Three interesting live tracks recorded with pianist Detroit Junior on austrian ground. Note that the CD reissue includes only two tracks.
SAD AND LONESOME
Wolf
October 1979
Gravé à Vienne en Autriche lors de deux sessions, le disque présente les deux amis Homesick James et Snooky Pryor en duo, chantant chacun leur tour. L'harmonica campagnard et direct de Snooky se mariant parfaitement avec la slide-guitare souple d'Homesick James. Pryor interprète notamment un "It seem like a dream" très convaincant. Mais, les autres morceaux valent l'écoute : "Rock me", "Harp boogie" et "Telephone blues".
Cut in Vienna (Austria)) during two sessions, the disc shows the two friends Homesick James and Snooky Pryor in duet configuration, each singing their turn. The country and direct harmonica of Snooky blending perfectly with the flexible slide-guitar of Homesick James. Pryor interprets notably a very convincing "It seem like a dream". But the other songs are worth listening : "Rock me", "Harp boogie" and "Telephone blues".
NATIONAL DOWN HOME BLUES FESTIVAL vol.3
Southland
October 1984
Lors de ce festival organisé par George Mitchell, le tandem Snooky Pryor et Homesick James interprète "Why you want to treat me like that" et "Boogie twist".
During this festival organized by George Mitchell, the tandem Snooky Pryor and Homesick James interpret "Why you want to treat me like that" and "Boogie twist".
SWEET HOME TENNESSEE
Appaloosa
July 1991
Après plus de dix ans d'absence discographique, Homesick James revient aux affaires avec cet album gravé à Nashville. Produit par Fred James et édité sur un label italien, il propose une belle tranche de Chicago Blues. Bon chanteur, toujours à l'aise à la guitare slide, il délivre de bons titres comme "Meet me in the bottom", "Come back baby", "Can't afford to do it", "Kissing in the dark", "Married woman".
After an absence of over ten years from the recording scene, Homesick James returns to business with this album recorded in Nashville. Produced by Fred James and released on an italian label, it offers a fine slice of Chicago blues. A capable singer who remains at ease on slide guitar, he delivers solid tracks such as "Meet me in the bottom", "Come back baby", "Can't afford to do it", "Kissing in the dark", "Married woman".
THE APPALOOSA ALL STARS
Appaloosa
1991
GOIN' BACK IN THE TIMES
Earwig
August 1992
Voici Homesick James, présenté seul à la guitare électrique, pour délivrer son blues sous la bannière d'Earwig et du producteur Michael Robert Frank. On trouve une poignée de beaux titres comme "Livin' like a bear", "Goin' back in the times", "What done got into that woman" et surtout "They call me hot foot homesick" et "Crossroads years ago" dans lesquels il est rejoint par son ami David "Honeyboy" Edwards.
Here is Homesick James, performing solo on electric guitar, to deliver his blues under the banner of Earwig and producer Michael Robert Frank. The album features a handful of fine tracks such as "Livin' like a bear", "Goin' back in the times", "What done got into that woman" and notably "They call me hot foot homesick" and "Crossroads years ago" on which he is joined by his friend David "Honeyboy" Edwards.
JUANITA
Appaloosa
Evidence
February 1993
De nouveau sous la supervision du producteur Fred James et du label Appaloosa, Homesick - désormais octogénaire - se montre toujours en forme à la guitare. Bien supporté par des sidemen compétents, il propose un blues électrique brut et inspiré : "Juanita", "Time is growin' near", "Lonesome ol' train", "Drivin' dog" et sa belle reprise de "I can't hold out".
Once again under the supervision of producer Fred James and the Appaloosa label, Homesick — now in his eighties — shows he is still in fine form on guitar. Well supported by capable sidemen, he delivers raw, inspired electric blues : "Juanita", "Time is growin' near", "Lonesome ol' train", "Drivin' dog" and his fine cover of "I can't hold out".
GOT TO MOVE
Trix
32 Blues
February 1994
Accompagné par le groupe de Ron Thompson, Homesick James propose encore son blues à la slide guitare. Bien que sa voix soit plus faible, il se montre encore capable de beaux morceaux - surtout des reprises - comme "Tin Pan alley", "Baby please set a date", "Walfare girl", "Hawaiian boogie", "Tennessee woman". On note qu'il y a trois titres dans lesquels Homesick joue seul de la guitare.
Accompanied by Ron Thompson's band, Homesick James once again delivers his blues on slide guitar. Although his voice is weaker, he remains capable of fine performances — especially covers — such as "Tin Pan alley", "Baby please set a date", "Walfare girl", "Hawaiian boogie", "Tennessee woman". Notably, there are three tracks on which Homesick plays guitar solo.
LIVE FROM THE STANHOPE HOUSE
Stanhope Blues
June 1995
Voici un album live capturé dans un club du New Jersey. Homesick James y délivre une performance honorable bien que peu originale. Il est accompagné par des musiciens régionaux corrects. Un disque secondaire un peu ennuyeux.
Here is a live album recorded at a club in New Jersey. Homesick James delivers a respectable, albeit unoriginal, performance. He is backed by competent local musicians. A minor, somewhat tedious record.
KING DRACULA
Music Maker
1995
Cet enregistrement publié en 2017 propose des bandes gravées en 1995 par Tim Duffy au domicile d'Homesick James. Une belle séance acoustique dans laquelle le bluesman délivre des pièces prenantes et inspirées : "Driving dog blues", "Rock headed woman", "Ballad of Homesick James", "Sho ain't got no lovin' baby now" (avec la batterie d'Ardie Dean), "When I leave Tennessee".
This recording, released in 2017, features tapes made in 1995 by Tim Duffy at Homesick James' home. It is a fine acoustic session in which the bluesman delivers compelling, inspired tracks : "Driving dog blues", "Rock headed woman", "Ballad of Homesick James", "Sho ain't got no lovin' baby now" (featuring drums by Ardie Dean), "When I leave Tennessee".
WORDS OF WISDOM
Icehouse
1997
Pour la troisième fois, Homesick James s'associe au producteur Fred James et sort cet album sur Icehouse, un label au Tennessee. Malheureusement, le manque d'inspiration se fait, cette fois ci, sentir. Un album mineur en deçà des précédents opus studio.
For the third time, Homesick James teams up with producer Fred James to release this album on Icehouse, a Tennessee-based label. Unfortunately, a lack of inspiration is evident this time around. It is a minor album that falls short of his previous studio releases.
THE LAST OF THE BROOMDUSTERS
Fedora
December 1997
Malgré sa voix affaiblie, Homesick James délivre un beau programme de Chicago Blues, bien secondé par le guitariste Ron Thompson et le producteur Chris Millar (sur son propre label Fedora). Une tracklist sympathique et inspirée qui vaut l'écoute : "Long tall woman", "Rockin' and rollin'", "Sugar mama", "Truck drivin' woman", "Married woman".
Despite his weakened voice, Homesick James delivers a fine set of Chicago blues, ably supported by guitarist Ron Thompson and producer Chris Millar (on his own Fedora label). It is an engaging and inspired collection well worth a listen : "Long tall woman", "Rockin' and rollin'", "Sugar mama", "Truck drivin' woman", "Married woman".
SWEET HOME TENNESSEE & LIVE IN EUROPE
Super Bird
July 1991 / 1997 - 1998
SHAKE YOUR MONEYMAKER
SPV Blue
1999
Voici un concert enregistré sur le sol suisse par Homesick James et ses musiciens réguliers. Une performance routinière qui manque singulièrement de flamme et d'originalité.
Here is a concert recorded in Switzerland by Homesick James and his regular backing musicians. It is a routine performance that notably lacks fire and originality.
LIVE IN AUSTRIA
Snailworx
1999
Probablement issu de la même tournée que le disque précédent, le concert est, cette fois, capturé en Autriche. Même performance routinière et ennuyeuse que sur "Shake your moneymaker".
Likely from the same tour as the previous record, this concert was recorded in Austria. It features the same routine, tedious performance found on "Shake your moneymaker".
MY HOME AIN'T HERE
Fedora
April 2004
Homesick James est, certes, un vieux bluesman mais il parvient, encore, à propos un honorable album de blues sous la supervision de Chris Millar. Un blues minimaliste, un peu répétitif par instants, mais qui comporte de bons moments comme "Please set a date", "Little & low", "Gotta move", "Evil minded people".
Homesick James may well be an aging bluesman, but he still manages to deliver a respectable blues album under the supervision of Chris Millar. It is a minimalist blues — occasionally a bit repetitive — yet it features strong tracks such as "Please set a date", "Little & low", "Gotta move", "Evil minded people".